The widespread adoption of mandatory unbundling in telecommunications markets has led to growing interest in mandatory “functional separation,” i.e., separation of upstream network operations from downstream retail operations. Since 2002, vertical separation has been implemented in five OECD countries: Australia, Italy, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.To download and read this paper in full, see:
www.law.indiana.edu/fclj/pubs/v62/no3/7- CRANDALL_FINAL.pdf